Leptina nel fallimento cardiaco correlato all'obesità: meccanismi patofisiologici e implicazioni terapeutiche.

Obesity is a major and potentially modifiable risk factor for heart failure (HF); however, the biological mediators linking excess adiposity to adverse cardiac remodeling and HF progression remain incompletely defined. Among adipose-derived factors, leptin has emerged as a candidate mediator because of its associations with neurohormonal activation, vascular dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, and myocardial remodeling. This review synthesizes contemporary evidence regarding the role of leptin in the pathophysiology of obesity-related heart failure and examines its clinical and translational ramifications. Data indicate that hyperleptinemia and leptin resistance may facilitate HF pr