Ventilazione invasiva e associazione con esiti in shock cardiogeno correlato a insufficienza cardiaca.

BACKGROUND: Respiratory failure occurs frequently in cardiogenic shock but with varying severity. It is unknown whether invasive ventilation should be used strictly, reserved for severe respiratory failure, or liberally, reducing stress and increasing compliance with intensive care procedures. Aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of invasive ventilation on outcomes in patients with heart failure-related cardiogenic shock across the severity of respiratory failure. METHODS: Patients with heart failure-related cardiogenic shock treated 2010-2021 in 16 tertiary care centers in five countries were enrolled. Cox regression models were constructed to assess the impact of overall invasive