Analisi bibliometrica della resistenza agli inibitori di PD-1/PD-L1.

BACKGROUND: Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have already reformed cancer treatment by inhibiting tumor immune escape. However, as drug resistance emerges, their clinical application is limited. Numerous studies have explored mechanisms and methods to address resistance, yet an explicit bibliometric analysis of this field remains lacking. METHODS: We systematically retrieved documents from the Web of Science Core Collection database and Scopus database. The timeline spans from January 1, 2006, to November 29, 2025. A comprehensive analysis was conducted using bibliometric tools. In addition, a secondary screening of the included studies