Iperaldosteronismo nella patogenesi e gestione della sindrome cardiocerebrovascolare-rinale-metabolica.

Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome is defined by the pathologic interconnections between obesity, diabetes, chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. An important and underrecognized pathophysiologic factor underlying CKM syndrome is obesity-induced aldosterone excess. This excess aldosterone causes structural and functional alterations in the kidneys, heart and vasculature promoting development of chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and heart failure. Inhibition of aldosterone signalling is a pillar in the treatment approach to CKM syndrome. Pharmacologic options include renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor-neprilysin i