Epilessia associata all'encefalite autoimmune con autoanticorpi contro l'acido glutammico decarbossilasi e diabete mellito di tipo 1: una revisione sistematica e scoping completa di un sintomo clinico.

BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and autoimmune neurological syndromes (AINS), including autoimmune encephalitis-associated epilepsy/seizures (AEAE/S), share immune-mediated mechanisms linked to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 autoantibodies (GAD-AABs). We reviewed features of patients with the syndrome of coexisting GAD-AAB-associated T1DM and AEAE/S. METHODS: According to PRISMA-ScR, English studies from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were reviewed for patients with T1DM, AEAE/S, and GAD-AABs. RESULTS: We included 78 patients (64% female) from 50 studies. Age at first presentation ranged from 1 to 72 years [25.6 (±17.07)]. T1DM preceded AEAE/S in 40% (n = 31), followed it i