Attivazione dei fibroblasti miocardici nell'ischemia e nella cardiomiopatia non ischemica.

IMPORTANCE: Adverse myocardial remodeling and fibrosis contribute to heart failure progression and are thought to be driven by activated fibroblasts. Noninvasive assessment of myocardial fibroblast activation may improve phenotyping and risk stratification in heart failure. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate myocardial fibroblast activation in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction using gallium 68-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor 46 ([68Ga]FAPI-46) positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a prospective case-control study including patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, p