Fattori Perinatali e Materni Associati al Disturbo dello Spettro Autistico.

BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Prenatal and perinatal exposures have been implicated in ASD etiology, but their influence may vary across clinical subgroups, including subgroups defined by co-occurring intellectual disability (ID). METHODS: We conducted a population-based case-control study in southern Sweden including all children diagnosed with ASD before the age of 9, and whose mothers were born in Sweden. Diagnoses were confirmed through detailed medical record review, and information on ASD severity, ID status, and familial ASD were collected for subgroup analyses. A total