Indice di massa corporea, esiti clinici e mortalità nel fallimento cardiaco: uno studio di randomizzazione mendeliana.

BACKGROUND: Excess adiposity, most commonly indexed through body mass index (BMI), is strongly associated with the development of heart failure (HF). Weight loss therapies improve outcomes in patients with obesity and HF with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), but their effects in HF with reduced LVEF remain unclear. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this work is to determine whether higher BMI is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with HF and whether there is effect modification by LVEF subgroup. METHODS: Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was used, with genome-wide significant loci associated with BMI as instrumental variables and outcome data from a genome