Comunicazione esosomiale tra cellule immunitarie e microambiente tumorale nel cancro polmonare: implicazioni per l'evasione immunitaria e la resistenza terapeutica.

Lung cancer (LC), a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, relies on intricate crosstalk within the tumor microenvironment (TME) to drive immune evasion and therapeutic resistance. Exosomes serve as key mediators of intercellular communication within the TME. They regulate molecular signaling between tumor cells and their microenvironment in both small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Exosomes carry a variety of bioactive substances. These substances work together to impair the immune system, speed up the growth of tumors, encourage invasion and metastasis, and exacerbate therapeutic resistance. Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) facilitate immune evasi